English: The Discovery of the Gunpowder Plot, Laing Art Gallery (Tyne and Wear Museums) (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
Remember, Remember the Fifth of November
The Gunpowder Treason and Plot
I know of no reason why the Gunpowder Treason
Should ever be forgot
Guy (alias Guido)
Fawkes was one of the members of The Gunpowder
Plot of 1605 in which a group of Catholics attempted
to blow up the Houses of Parliament and kill
James I, the King of England, to protest Protestant
rule. As the man chosen to light the fuse and
the first captured, Guy has received the lion's
share of attention among the conspirators. The
long of it is as follows:
Since Henry the VIII's reign, England was divided between Catholics and
Protestants with the factions fighting bitterly over control of the
throne. Queen Elizabeth I had been staunchly Protestant, but with her
death and the succession of James I as King, Catholics had thought their
persecution was at and end. They were wrong. Shortly after James'
coronation in 1603, it became clear he had no intention of granting
leniency to the Catholics.
The initial five members of The Gunpower Plot (of which Guy was one of; the Plot would eventually grow to thirteen members) first met in 1604 and began their plans. By March, 1605, the conspirators had rented a cellar under Parliament and began stockpiling 36 barrels of gunpowder. Guy was in charge of maintaining the stockpile, keeping the gunpowder fresh until Parliament's next session. In October, word of the conspiracy leaked, possibly by someone within the Conspiracy, although the warning did not mention the Plot specifically.
English: "Guy Fawkes in Ordsall Cave". Google books edition. (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
After The Gunpowder Plot was foiled, King James decreed that on the anniversary of the plot's failure should always be remembered. 400 years later, that celebration is known as Bonfire Night where bonfires and fireworks are lit, and effigies of Fawkes (known, appropriately, as "guys") are burned, in celebration. (You'll have to ask the individual revelers whether or they are celebrating the Plot's failure or its attempt.)